Hog dehairer and method of dehairing hogs



Jan. 15, 1924. 1,481,141

G. W..MARTIN HOG pEI-IAIRER AND METHOD OF DEHAIRING HOGS) Filed July 9, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Jan. 15, 1924. 1,481,141

G.-"W. MARTIN HOG DEHAIRER AND METHOD OF DEHAIRING HOGS Filed July 9, 1Q23 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented den. 15, 1924.

GEORGE W. BEAR/TIN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT AND MESNE AS- SIGNIL'ZENTS, 'IO CHARLES L. BYRON; TRUSTEE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

HOG DEHAIBER AND IYZETHOD OF DEHAIRING/HOG-S.

Application area July 9,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that}, GEORGE W. MARTIN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hog Dehairers and Methods of Dehairing Hogs, of wh ch the following is a specification.

This invention relates to hog dehairers and more particularly to control means for insnrzn complete dehairing of hogs and to a method of dehairing hogs.

It is found that hog dehairers which are in common use do not produce the best and most efficient results. That is to say, that hog dehairers in common use, do not remove all of the hair. As a result thereof, after a hog is discharged from the dehairing ma chine, it is necessary for a corps of men to cut off portions of the hog which still have. hair thereon. Not only does this increase the cost of preparin pork for market, but in cutting off the remaining hair which has not been removed in the machine, on an average of a half pound of fat per hog is Wasted.

Accordingly, one object of my invention is to increase the efficiency of hog dehairers.

Another object is to equip hog dehairers with means whereby all of the hair, may he quickly and easily removed from the treated hogs.

Another object is to provide simple and efficient control means for piling hogs in and delivering hogs from a hog dehaircr and insure complete dehairing of the hogs in a manner to meet all of the requirements for commercial operation.

Another object is to provide a simple and eiiicient method of dehairing hogs.

These and other objects are accomplished by means of the arrangement disclosed on the accompanying sheets of drawings, in which Figure 1 is a fragmentary side elevation of a dehairer embodying my invention;

Figure 2 is a fragmentary top plan view of the same arrangement; and

Figure 3 is a fragmentary end elevation of the discharge end of said hog dehairer embodying my improvement.

The various novel features of the inven tion will be apparent from the following description and drawings and Will be par- 1923. Serial No. 650,214.

ticularly pointed out in the appended claims.

Referring to the figures of the drawings, it will be noted that I have disclosed my invention in connection 'ith a hog dehairer in common use and includes, among other things, a plurality of aligned U shaped spiral advancing bars 10 forming a receiving portion or passageway 11 through which hogs are fed. The hogs are fed into this passageway from a scalding tub 12 by a conveyor 13 and the hogs are advanced from one end of the passageway 11 to the other by the combined action of a heater 14 and of the spiral advancing bars 10. The beater 14. includes a shaft 15 which is rotated from any suitable source, said shaft 15 carrying a large number of sets of resilient arms 16, each arm at its end thereof being provided with a plurality of scrapers 17 With the beater 14 revolving in a counterclockwise direction as viewed in Figure 3, it is apparent that a hog entering the right hand end of the hog dehairer, as shown in Figure 2, will be caused to advance toward the exitend or left hand encl of the dehairer. as shown in Figure 2. as a result of the cooperative action of the beater 1 1 and the spiral advancing bars 10. During this progressive movement of the hog through the dehairer the hog is treated for dehairing by the beater.

The scalded hog in passing through the dehairer in each case is first hit with the resilient arms 16 for loosening the hair and is then subjected to a scraping action by the scrapers l7. Inother words, the dehairing action includes first a striking of a hog with each arm 16 and its scrapers 17 and then a scraping action by the scrapers 17 for scraping the hair off of the hog. It will be appreciated that the hog will be rolled around and around as it is advanced through the machine and will treated by every scraper in the machine. The machine thus far described is a type of machine now in common use and in itself forms no part of my invention.

In the operation of this dehairer. it is an established fact that the hogs'are raised in the air by the arms 16 which revolve with the beater sothat as a result thereof patches of hair are left on the hog and the feeding of hogs through the dehairer is greatly slowed up or impeded. Accordingly, in

- cluded in the objects of myinvention is the of the scraper or beater arms 16, the hogs can be thoroughly treated by the beater arms 16 and scrapers 17 for completely dehairing the hogs and at the same time feed the hogs through the dehairer in a greatly reduced amount of time. As a matter of fact, by use of my invention, which will be described in detail hereinafter, the dehairing oi hogs has been increased from two hundred per hour to over five hundred per hour and at the same time eliminating the services of a large corps of men working on the hogs treated from a single machine and saving on the average of one half'pound of fat per hog treated.

To make it possible to retain the hogs in I the bottom of the passageway 11 against the lifting action of the beater arms 16, weight of some kind must be applied to the hogs tor pressing them downwardly into intimate engagement with the beater arms 16 and scrapers 1?. To accomplish this result, I have provided the discharge end of the passageway 11 of the dehairer with a door or gate 18 which controls the piling and delivery of hogs. That is to say, that when the door 18 is closed, it is possible to pile the hogs one on top of the other within the pass? geway 11 so that an under hog is weighted down by the hog on top of it. In this way the under hog is sufliciently weighted to be held down in the bottom of the passageway 11 and held so that the beater arms 16 and scrapers 17 deliver to the treated hog a full force blow and a completescraping action in each case, and at the same time the under hog is properly rolled and advanced through the machine. It is seen, therefore, that by having the door 18 closed, the passageway 11 may be filled to the desired amount for holding down the under hogs. This is not possible, where no door is provided in which I case a single line of hogs passes directly through the machine. However where the door 18 is used, a definite blockade is provided so that piling of the hogs one hog on top of the other is accomplished. The operator, who stands at the side of the door, can see whenthe advance hog is completely dehaired and when such is accomplished, the operator raises the door for permitting the passage of the under hog closest to the door.

This door 18 may be controlled and actuated in any suitable manner. In this partic ular instance the door 18, is moved upwardly in its opening movement and downwardly in its closing movement, and it is guided in said movements by being mounted in opposireiy arranged guideways 19. To make easy the operation of the door, a counterweight 20 is provided, the latter being secured to one end of a cable 21 which passes upwardly over pulley 22 and then over another puiley 23 vertically above the door 18, the other end of the cable being secured to the door.

By means of this door, the piling and devery of hogs completely and easily conolled and when the hogs are discharged c-m the dehairer such hogs are completely dehaired, requiring no further dehairing treatment and saving the cost of further labor for that purpose, saving fat, and at the same time increasing the speed of the dehairing operation.

It is evident that there may be various modifications oi' the invention herein particularly shown and described and it is my intention to cover all such modifications which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the following claims.

1 claim:

1. In a hog dehairer, the combination of a longitudinally extending passageway through which hogs to be dehaired are longitudinally passed, means operable therein for removing the hair, and a closure for one end of said passageway whereby hogs are caused to be piled in said passageway and for holding an under hog against said means for substantially dehairing said hog.

2. In a hog dehairer, the combination 0 a longitudinally extending passageway through which hogs to be dehaired are longitudinally passed, means operable therein for removing the hair, and a movable door associated with said passageway and which when closed causes hogs to be piled in said passageway and for holding ahog against said means for substantially dehair- 1 l t t -ing said hog.

In a hog dehairer, the combination of a longitudinall extending passageway through which hogs to be dehaired are longitudinally passes, means operable therein for removing the hair, and a door which in one position causes the piling of hogs and for holding a hog against said means for substantially dehairing said hogs and which in another position permits the discharge of the dehaired hog.

A hog dehairer having a longitudinally extending hog receiving portion in which hogs are passed longitudinally and treated for removing the hair, additional means for controlling the piling of hogs therein and the discharge of hogs therefrom whereby hogs are substantially dehaired.

5. A hog dehairer having a longitudinally extending hog receiving portion in which hogs'are treated for removing the hair as they are passed longitudinally therethrough, means in addition to the hog treating and moving means for controlling the piling of hogs therein whereby hogs are substantially dehaired.

6. A hog dehairer having a longitudinally extending hog receiving portion in which hogs are passed longitudinally and treated for removing the hair, means in addition to the hog treating and moving means for preventing the discharge of hogs therefrom until the hogs are substantially dehaired.

7. A hog dehairer having a longitudinall; extending hog receiving portion and means operable therein for removing the hair, additional means at the end of said longitudinally extending receiving portion for causing and maintaining constant de hairing engagement between said other means and a hog whereby the latter is substantially dehaired.

8. A hog dehairer having a longitudinally extending hog receiving portion therein in which the hogs are tied lengthwise of their bodies and hair is removed, additional means for temporarily blocking lengthwise movement and the discharge of a hog from said hog receiving portion until the hog is substantially dehaired.

9. In an apparatus of the class described, the ombination of conveying and scraping means for moving the carcasses lengthwise past the scraping means and scraping the same, and means for temporarily arresting the carcasses while being scraped.

10. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination of scraping mechanism, means for causing the carcasses to travel longitudinally past said scraping mechanism, and means causing the same to become superimposed in piles during said travel.

11. In an apparatus or the class described, the combination of scraping mechanism for rotating the carcasses as the latter travel past the same, means forming a trough or table upon which the carcasses are caused to move longitudinally past the scraping mechanise'i, and means at one end of the trough for temporarily arresting said carcasses and superimposing them while being scraped.

1.2. In an apparatus of the class described,

the combination of scraping mechanism for rotating the carcasses as the same travel past the scraping mechanism, means forming a trough or table upon which the carcasses are caused to move longitudinally past the scraping mechanism, a gate for closing the rear end of the rough for temporarily arresting the carcasses and superimposing them, and means for opening and closing the gate.

13. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination of scraping mechanism and conveying means for automatically rotating and tossing the carcasses and causing them to move lengthwise past the scraping means; and means for causing the carcasses to become superimposed throughout the conveying means.

it. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination of scraping mechanism and conveying means for automatically rotating and tossing the carcasses and causing them to move lengthwise past the scraping means; and means for causing the carcasses to become superimposed throughout the conveying means and for permitting the hogs to be singly discharged from said conveying means.

15. The method of dehairing and cleaning carcasses which consists in moving the carcasses longitudinally and scraping them while being so moved and superimposing the carcasses during the scraping operation.

16. The method of dehairing and cleaning carcasses which consists in automatically rotating, and tossing, moving the carcasses longitudinally and superimposing them while being scraped,

17. The method of dehairing and cleaning carcasses which consists in feeding the carcasses singly longitudinally to the scraping means, rotating and tossing the carcasses as they move longitudinally past the scraping means, and superimposing them while being scraped.

18. The method of dehairing and cleaning carcasses which consists in feeding the carcasses singly and longitudinally to the scraping means, rotating and tossing the carcasses, superimposing the carcasses by their longitudinal movement, and singly discharging the carcasses.

Signed at Chicago, Illinois, this 6th day of July, 1923.

GEORGE W. MARTIN. 

